The social sciences see organizations as goal-oriented action systems with interpersonal division of labor. Companies, authorities, etc. are therefore organizations.
In commercial companies, a basic distinction is made between structural and operational organisation. The structural organisation, shown in the organisation chart, forms the hierarchical framework of an organisation and provides the framework. Important terms and forms are: hierarchical management system, flat hierarchies, single or multi-line system, staff line system, matrix organisation, functional and divisional organisation, project organisation.
The process organization, shown in process plans or flow charts, includes the definition of business, work and information processes, taking into account space, time, material resources and people. Today, fixed corporate structures are increasingly being dissolved and replaced by flexible, time-bound project structures.
See also: Transparency; Due Diligence; Re-Engineering; Risk Management; Process Management; Enterprise Resource Planning Reference to QET guidelines: Q06 Change Management; Q13 Succession; Q14 Resources; Q15 Processes; Q16 Flexible Organization; T03 Corporate Transparency; T15 Benchmarking