MM 19 Management by Objectives

Leadership techniques are methods used to manage personnel more effectively. While leadership styles describe a general attitude toward those led (e.g., authoritarian leadership, cooperative leadership, laissez-faire leadership) and leadership tools describe concrete measures (e.g., salary increases, hiring, training), leadership techniques act as a kind of link between them, determining the direction of leadership within a company. The objectives of a leadership technique are... When we talk about leadership techniques, we usually mean management by techniques. One of these is management by objectives, developed by Peter Ferdinand Drucker.

Translated into English, Management by Objectives means leadership through goal setting. The basic principle is that the company's goals are agreed upon cooperatively between management and employees. Competencies and areas of responsibility are defined based on the goals to be achieved. Ultimately, it is not the method by which a goal is achieved that is controlled, but only the goal itself. The acronym SMART provides scope for agreeing on a goal:

S Specific: clearly and precisely defined

M Measurable: measurable or verifiable

Achievable: achievable

R Realistic: realistic (also: relevant)

T Timed: clearly defined in time

In the context of:

Q: Q01, Q02, Q04, Q12, Q15

E: E01, E02

T: T07, T12